Journal: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

Article Title: Virtual reality relaxation for the general population: a systematic review

doi: 10.1007/s00127-021-02110-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristics of studies on virtual reality relaxation for the general population

Article Snippet: Villani et al. [ ] , Italy , 64 (34F) , 16 in VR group , 16 in DVD group; 16 in audio group; 16 no treatment , 24.52 (1.75) , Relaxation Island VR programme; PC (Fujitsu Siemens AMILO Processor, Pentium 4); wireless joystick (Logitech Wingman Cordless Rumblepad Gamepad); HMD (Sony Glasstron PLM S-700 with a head-tracker, Intersense Intertrax2); audiotape with headphones. For physiological measurements: BioGraph Infiniti Procomp; swivel armchair , Relaxing island with four zones related to different relaxation exercises: waterfall, clouds, beach1, and beach2. Listen to relaxation narrative , Listen to relaxation narrative while watching DVD with four beaches of tropical islands; or listen to audiotape only; no treatment , STAI; VAS; PANAS; COPE; ITC-SOPI; HR, Ham, Rr, Ram, Sc, Em , 1 , None , HMD, DVD and audio significantly reduced anxiety and significantly increased positive emotional states including relaxation. Sense of presence mediates relationship between media type and effectiveness of intervention.

Techniques: Comparison, Software, Generated, Control, Produced, Adhesive

Journal: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

Article Title: Virtual reality relaxation for the general population: a systematic review

doi: 10.1007/s00127-021-02110-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristics of studies on virtual reality relaxation for the general population

Article Snippet: Villani et al. [ ] , Italy , 64 (34F) , 16 in VR group , 16 in DVD group; 16 in audio group; 16 no treatment , 24.52 (1.75) , Relaxation Island VR programme; PC (Fujitsu Siemens AMILO Processor, Pentium 4); wireless joystick (Logitech Wingman Cordless Rumblepad Gamepad); HMD (Sony Glasstron PLM S-700 with a head-tracker, Intersense Intertrax2); audiotape with headphones. For physiological measurements: BioGraph Infiniti Procomp; swivel armchair , Relaxing island with four zones related to different relaxation exercises: waterfall, clouds, beach1, and beach2. Listen to relaxation narrative , Listen to relaxation narrative while watching DVD with four beaches of tropical islands; or listen to audiotape only; no treatment , STAI; VAS; PANAS; COPE; ITC-SOPI; HR, Ham, Rr, Ram, Sc, Em , 1 , None , HMD, DVD and audio significantly reduced anxiety and significantly increased positive emotional states including relaxation. Sense of presence mediates relationship between media type and effectiveness of intervention.

Techniques: Software, Generated, Produced

Journal: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

Article Title: Virtual reality relaxation for the general population: a systematic review

doi: 10.1007/s00127-021-02110-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristics of studies on virtual reality relaxation for the general population

Article Snippet: Villani et al. [ ] , Italy , 36 , 12 in HMD group; 12 in video group , 12 in audio group , 18–35 (range); M = 25.21 (1.44) F = 25 (0.87) , HR device (BioGraph Infiniti Procom); 3D Game Studio of Conitec software; two photographs [lake stimulus number 5780 of the International Affective Picture System (IAPS); garden stimulus number 5760 of the IAPS]; PC (Fujitsu Siemens AMILO Processor, Pentium Core 2 Duo with an ATI Radeon HD3450, 512 Mb, graphic card); wireless joystick (Logitech Wingman Cord-less Rumblepad Gamepad); HMD; SonyGlasstron PLM S-700; audiotape with headphones (Sony MDR-EX51LP Fontopia in-the-ear headphones) , HMD condition: Wilderness park with ‘natural zones’ (lake, river, waterfall, garden, forest). Listen to narrative and interact/explore environment; Video condition: Watch video of the same wilderness park via HMD and listen to narrative with no interaction , Audio condition: Listen to narrative guiding through scenario and use imagination to contextualise the experience , MPS; STAI; HR, SCL; respiration , 4 (1 assessment, 3 with either HMD, video or audio) , After 1 month; after 3 months , All media types induced significant changes in HR and anxiety state level in guided sessions and follow-up. Participants in HMD condition were better at reducing HR and significantly improved emotional state during experimental and follow-up sessions.

Techniques: Comparison, Software, Generated, Control, Produced, Adhesive

Journal: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

Article Title: Virtual reality relaxation for the general population: a systematic review

doi: 10.1007/s00127-021-02110-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristics of studies on virtual reality relaxation for the general population

Article Snippet: Riva et al. [ ] , Italy , 61 (35F) , 61 , 61 , 21.45 (2.91) , PC (Sony Vaio Notebook PCG-GRT 996ZP, Pentium-4 3.20-GH) with Microsoft Windows XP Professional and graphic card (NVIDIA GeForce FX Go5600 with 3D performance), 64 MB of VRA; HMD (800 × 600 resolution and head tracking); Logitech Wingman Cordless Rumblepad Gamepad; two amplifiers and speakers (Star SP-160B) , Park with trees, lamps, summer cinema, band stand etc. Relaxing experience associated to the park by manipulating sound and music, shadows, lights and textures. Explore park while answering emotion and presence rating questions (3 min per park) , 2 parks with trees, lamps, summer cinema, band stand etc. Anxious or neutral experience associated to park by manipulating sound and music, shadows, lights and textures. Explore parks while answering emotion and presence rating questions (3 min per park) , BDI; VAS; PANAS; STAI; UCL-PQ; ICT-SOPI; emotion and presence ratings scale 1–10 , 1 , None , HMD environments produced anxiety and increased relaxation effectively. The feeling of presence was greater in the “emotional” environments; emotional state was influenced by level of presence.

Techniques: Comparison, Software, Generated, Control, Produced, Adhesive